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Cerebral oedema

TYPES

Cytotoxic edema

  • Intracellular edema
  • Intact blood brain barrier
  • Loss of grey-white differentiation as it predominantly affects grey matter)
  • suggests stroke or hypoxic encephalopathy
  • “restricted diffusion” pattern on MRI

Vasogenic edema

  • Extracellular edema
  • Loss of integrity of blood brain barrier
  • accentuation of grey-white differentiation as it predominantly affects white matter and spreads along white matter tracts)
  • suggests inflammatory disorder or brain tumour
  •  does not cause “restricted diffusion” pattern on MRI

CT FEATURES OF RAISED ICP

  • Effacement of basal cisterns
  • Loss of grey-white differentiation
  • Loss of sulci
  • Midline shift
  • Herniation of cerebellar tonsils into the foramen magnum
  • Uncal herniation

CCC Neurocritical Care Series

Critical Care

Compendium

Chris is an Intensivist and ECMO specialist at The Alfred ICU, where he is Deputy Director (Education). He is a Clinical Adjunct Associate Professor at Monash University, the Lead for the  Clinician Educator Incubator programme, and a CICM First Part Examiner.

He is an internationally recognised Clinician Educator with a passion for helping clinicians learn and for improving the clinical performance of individuals and collectives. He was one of the founders of the FOAM movement (Free Open-Access Medical education) has been recognised for his contributions to education with awards from ANZICS, ANZAHPE, and ACEM.

His one great achievement is being the father of three amazing children.

On Bluesky, he is @precordialthump.bsky.social and on the site that Elon has screwed up, he is @precordialthump.

| INTENSIVE | RAGE | Resuscitology | SMACC

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