Clinical Cases • LITFL Medical Blog • Case Collection

LITFL Clinical cases Database

The LITFL Clinical Case Collection includes over 250 Q&A style clinical cases to assist ‘Just-in-Time Learning‘ and ‘Life-Long Learning‘. Cases are categorized by specialty and can be interrogated by keyword from the Clinical Case searchable database.

Search by keywords; disease process; condition; eponym or clinical features…

Topic	Title	Keywords
ECG	ROSC, hypotension and an ECG exigency
ECG	Wide, Complex and Troublesome	WCT, ECG, Broad complex, fascicular, RVOT
Toxicology	Valproate… Still Big Trouble!	valproate, valproic acid, hyperammonemia
Toxicology	Valproate… Big Dose, Big Trouble!	valproate, valproic acid, hyperammonemia
Toxicology	Toxicology Mnemonic Challenge
Metabolic	A Most Discombobulating Gas	priapsim, intracavernosal, cavernosal gas, Ischaemic priapism, stuttering priapism, urology
Metabolic	A Really Tricky ABG	RTA, strong ion difference, hypocalcaemia
Bone and Joint	An unusual wrist injury	DRUJ, dislcoation
ICE	Delayed presentation chest pain	wellens, ECG, cardiac, delay
ICE	Progressive rash and fever	SJS, stevens-johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, rash
ICE	Pleuritic pain	pneumothorax
ICE	Marathon runner develops chest pain
ICE	2 year old with a painful leg	tibia, fracture, toddler, toddler's fracture
ICE	Tall Story	ECG, EKG, hyperkalaemia, hyperkalemia
ICE	Skin rash and fever	dengue, returned traveler, traveller
ICE	Foot trauma	Lisfranc
ICE	ABG Puzzler	mountain, mount everest, alkalaemia, alkalemia
ICE	Abdominal pain investigations	pancreatitis, alcohol
ICE	Knee injury X-ray	segond fracture
ICE	Collapse ECG	Brugada
ICE	Chest pain ECG	STEMI, hyperacture, myocardial ischemia, anterior
ICE	Skin rash legs	eryhthema nodosum, panniculitis
ICE	Trampoline injury	BOS fracture, battle sign, mastoid ecchymosis, bruising
ICE	Forearm injury	Galleazi, fracture dislocation
Toxicology	Why So blue?	methylene blue, Methaemoglobinemia, methemoglobin
Toxicology	Seizures, Sedation and Saliva	clozapine
Toxicology	Stuffed, Speeding and Busted!	Methamphetamine, body stuffing, body packer, body stuffer
Toxicology	Another TCA Overdose!	TCA, tricyclic, overdose, sodium channel blockade
Toxicology	Alprazoslammed	alprazolam, BZD, benzo, benzodiazepine, benzodiazepines, flumazenil
Toxicology	Lithium, Vomiting And Diarrhoea	lithium, neurotoxicity, acute toxicity
Toxicology	Brain Dead?	baclofen, GABA, Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate, GHB
Toxicology	A Fumbling, Mumbling Mess!	Carbamazepine, toxidrome, carbamazepine cardiotoxicity, Tegretol, multiple-dose activated charcoal, MDAC
Toxicology	Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity	Hepatotoxicity, Acetaminophen, Schiodt score, hepatic encephalopathy, N-acetylcysteine, NAC
Toxicology	Propanolol Overdose	beta-blocker, B Blocker,
Toxicology	Therapeutic Showering	Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome, cyclical vomiting, THC, delta-nine-tetrahydrocannabinol
Toxicology	A Remorseless Poison	Colchicine
Toxicology	A Toxic Slumber	Clonidine
Toxicology	I’m Just Trying To Get Clean Bro’	Bath salts
Toxicology	Meow-Meow Mephedrone	Mephedrone
Toxicology	Life in the TOO fast lane?	Bromo-DragonFLY, M-ket, Kmax, Mexxy, Meow-Meow, Mephedrone, Methoxetamine, Naphyrone, NRG-1, Salvia, K2, Spice
Toxicology	Paralysis and a head lump	ixodes holocyclus, tick, paralysis,
Toxicology	Smoking is deadly	cyanide, carbon monoxide
Toxicology	Hypoglycemia, but how?	hypoglycemia
Toxicology	Seafood poisoning	Ciguatera, Scombroid, fugu, puffer fish
Toxicology	Ethylene glycol inebriation	ethylene glycol, HAGMA, high anion gap metabolic acidosis, osmolar gap, Fomepizole, alcohol, ethanol
Toxicology	The toddler with the Iron gut	iron toxicity, Desferrioxamine chelation therapy
Toxicology	Chloroquine poisoning	chloroquine
Toxicology	Corrosive ingestion	corrosive agent
Toxicology	The Antidote Challenge	Antidote
Toxicology	Stiff and Twisted	Oculogyric crisis, OGC, acute dystonia, Acute Dystonic Reaction, butyrophenone, Metoclopramide, haloperidol, prochlorperazine, Benztropine
Toxicology	Two pills can kill	Tricyclic, Theophylline, Sulfonylureas, Propanolol, Opioids, Dextropropoxyphene, Chloroquine, Calcium channel blockers, Amphetamines, ectasy
Toxicology	Verapamil overdose	verapamil, calcium channel blocker, cardiotoxic, HIET, high-dose insulin euglycemic therapy,
Toxicology	The ‘sniff a poison’ challenge	aroma, smell
Toxinology	Snakebite Envenoming Challenge	snake-bite, snake bite, Brown snake, Black, Death adder, Taipan, sea snake, tiger
Toxicology	Toxidrome Challenge	Anticholinergic syndrome, Malignant hyperthermia, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, Serotonin toxicity
Toxicology	Serotonin toxicity	Serotonin toxicity, Serotonin syndrome, toxidrome
Toxicology	Toxic Seizures	proconvulsive, venlafaxine, tramadol, amphetamines, Bupropion, Otis Campbell
Toxicology	Tricyclic antidepressant toxicity	TCA, tricyclic, overdose, sodium channel blockade, Amitriptyline
Toxicology	Supratherapeutic INR	anticoagulation, warfarin
Toxicology	Chloral hydrate overdose	Mickey Finn, pear,
Toxicology	Thyroxine overdose	thyrotoxic storm, Thyroxine, T4
Toxinology	Necrotic arachnidism?	white-tailed spider, Lampona, L. cylindrata, L. murina
Toxicology	Citalopram overdose	Citalopram, SSRI,
Toxicology	Warfarin deliberate self poisoning	warfarin
Toxicology	Little Johnny and Grandad’s warfarin	warfarin, accidental ingestion, toddler
Toxicology	Theophylline overdose
Toxinology	Lionfish envenoming	Marine, envenoming
Toxinology	Stingray envenoming	Marine, envenoming, penetrating, barb, steve irwin,
Toxinology	It was the little octopus!	Marine, envenoming, Blue-Ringed Octopus, BRO, Hapalochlaena
Toxinology	Chironex fleckeri envenoming	Jellyfish, marine, Chironex fleckeri, Box Jellyfish
Toxinology	Irukandji Syndrome Territory-style	Jellyfish, marine, Jack Barnes, Carukia barnesi, Irukandji Syndrome, Darwin
Toxinology	Stung Inside A Stinger Net	Jellyfish, marine, Jack Barnes, Carukia barnesi, Irukandji Syndrome
Toxicology	Strychnine poisoning	Strychnine, opisthotonus, risus sardonicus
Toxicology	Suboxone poisoning	naloxone, Buprenorphine
Toxinology	Snakebite or Stickbite?	snake-bite, snake bite, SVDK
Toxinology	Is this a RedBack I see before me?	Red back spider, redback, envenoming, RBS
Toxinology	Bitten by a Redback Spider	Red back spider, redback, envenoming, RBS
Toxicology	Poisoning by a mercury thermometer
Toxicology	Paracetamol…too much, too often?	Acetaminophen, N-acetylcysteine, NAC
Pediatric	Horrible Spots and Pain	Henoch-Schonlein Purpura, HSP, Henoch-Schönlein
Pediatric	Weak and vomiting	adrenal insufficiency, glucocorticoid deficiency, NAGMA, endocrine emergency
Pediatric	Zany Zipper	Penile Zipper Entrapment, foreskin, release, Zip
Pediatric	Ds and Vs, and can’t stand up	diarrohea, vomiting, hypokalemia, hypokalaemia, dehydration
Pediatric	Baby Tim Cries	infantile colic, TIM CRIES, crying baby
Pediatric	Splat! A vomiting infant	Pyloric stenosis, projectile vomit, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, HPS, Rankin
Pediatric	Inhalational Emergency	respiratory distress, wheeze, foreign body, RMB, CXR, right main bronchus
Pediatric	Time to tighten those sphincters	airway obstruction, stridor, severe croup, harsh cough, heliox, intubation, sevoflurane
Pediatric	Hypercyanotic Episodes in the Newborn	boot-shaped, TOF, coeur en sabot, Tetralogy of Fallot
Pediatric	Hemolysis and renal failure	Spherocytes, Shistocytes, Polychromasia, reticulocytosis, anemia, anaemia, hemolytic uremic syndrome, HUS
Pediatric	Hyperammoniacal Encephalopathy	Reye syndrome, ammonia, metabolic encephalopathy, aspirin
Pediatric	Go the F#$% to Sleep	Ketamine, procedural sedation, pediatric sedation
Pediatric	Nasal foreign body	Foreign Body, ketamine, laryngospasm, Larson's point, laryngospasm notch
EYE	Lid Cracked Open	ophthalmology, eye trauma, Eyelid laceration, lacrimal punctum
EYE	Bashed, Blind And Bulging	ophthalmology, Retrobulbar hemorrhage, haemorrhage, RAPD, lateral canthotomy, DIP-A CONE-G, cantholysis
EYE	Another Poke In The Eye	ophthalmology, corneal abrasion, eye trauma, eyelid eversion
EYE	Blunt Trauma To The Eye	ophthalmology, commotio retinae, eye trauma, traumatic eye injury
EYE	Half An 8 Ball	ophthalmology, Traumatic iritis, hyphaema, hyphema,
EYE	Bump And Blur	ophthalmology, lens dislocation, Anterior dislocation of an intraocular lens
EYE	Out Of Sight	ophthalmology, visual loss, loss of vision , blind
EYE	A Woman Of Singular Vision	ophthalmology, Central retinal vein occlusion, CRVO, branch retinal vein occlusion, BRVO
EYE	A Man Of Singular Vision	ophthalmology, Central retinal artery occlusion, CRAO, cherry red spot, Branch retinal artery occlusion, BRAO
EYE	More Befuddling Pupillary Asymmetry	ophthalmology, miosis, partial ptosis, anhidrosis, enophthalmos, horner
EYE	I Can See Clearly Now	ophthalmology, visual loss, Amaurosis fugax, TIA, transient ischemic attack
EYE	The Goggle-Eyed Fisherman	ophthalmology, Pre-septal cellulitis, preseptal cellulitis, peri-orbital cellulitis, Post-septal cellulitis, post septal cellulitis, orbital cellulitis
EYE	You’re Blind And Your Hair Is A Mess	ophthalmology, AION, giant cell arteritis, GCA, Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
EYE	Stressed And Branching Out	ophthalmology, Herpes simplex keratitis, dendritic ulcer
EYE	A Gritty Sticky Red Eye	ophthalmology, Conjunctival injection, conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis, Adenovirus, trachoma, bacterial, viral, Parinaud oculoglandular conjunctivitis
EYE	The Eye In Chemical	ophthalmology, Chemical injury, cement, alkali, burn, chemical conjunctivitis, colliquative necrosis, liquefactive
EYE	Blinded By The Light	ophthalmology, Ultraviolet keratitis, keratopathy, solar keratitis, photokeratitis, welder's flash, arc eye, bake eyes snow blindness.
EYE	Pupils And Prostitutes	ophthalmology, Parinaud, adie, holmes, tabes dorsalis, neurosyphylis, argyll Robertson, small irregular
EYE	Aching Red Photophobic Eye	ophthalmology, anterior Uveitis, HLA-B27, hypopyon
EYE	The Ocular Ultrasound Challenge	ophthalmology, POCUS, ONSD,
EYE	Blowout fracture	ophthalmology, Blowout fracture, infraorbital fracture
EYE	Eyes Wide Split	ophthalmology, endophthalmitis, sympathetic ophthalmia, penetrating eye trauma
EYE	Flashing And Floating	ophthalmology, tobacco dust, Posterior vitreous detachment, vitreous debris, retinal tear, retinal break, Washer Machine Sign, Eales disease
EYE	A Pox On Your Eye	ophthalmology, Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, dendriform keratitis, Hutchinson sign
EYE	Something In My Eye Doc	ophthalmology, Siedel, FB, rust ring, Corneal foreign body, Seidel test
EYE	That Optic Disc Doesn’t Look Right 2	ophthalmology, Papilloedema, Papilledema, pseudopapilloedema
EYE	That Optic Disc Doesn’t Look Right	ophthalmology, optic disc, optic neuritis, Marcus-Gunn, papillitis, multiple sclerosis, funduscopy, optic atrophy, papilledema
EYE	A Curtain Descends	ophthalmology, retinal break, POCUS, retinoschisis, Retinal detachment
EYE	Blind, Aching And Vomiting	ophthalmology, cupping, glaucoma, optic neuropathy, tonometry, intraocular pressure, open angle, closed angle, gonioplasty, Acute closed-angle glaucoma
EYE	Coughing Kid And Blood Red Eye	ophthalmology, Subconjunctival hemorrhage
EYE	Exasperating Eyelids And The Red Eye	ophthalmology, Meibomitis, blepharitis, entropion, ectropion, canaliculitis, dacryocystitis
EYE	The Man Who Blinked Too Much	ophthalmology, blepharospasm, blink, blinking
EYE	The Red Eye Challenge	Iritis, keratitis, acute angle-closure glaucoma, scleritis, orbital cellulitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST)
EYE	Befuddling Pupillary Asymmetry	ophthalmology, fixed, dilated, pupil, holmes-adie, glass eye
ECG	Diagnosis, Wenckebach Squared?	Wenckebach, AV block, SA, deliberate mistake, SA block
ECG	Pacemaker Panic #2	dual chamber AV sequential pacemaker
ECG	Winter is Coming	anterior AMI, De Winter T waves, LAD stenosis
ECG	Another Widow Maker	LMCA Stenosis, ST elevation in aVR, Left Main Coronary Artery
ECG	Syncope, shock and chest pain	LMCA, Left Main Coronary Artery Occlusion, ST elevation in aVR
ECG	VT or not VT?	VT, BCT, WCT, Brugada criteria, Verekie
ECG	Metabolic Mayhem	severe hypokalaemia, spironalactone, rhabdomyolysis, ECG, u wave, diabetic ketoacidosis
ECG	Post-op Pacing Puzzler	pacing, pacemaker, post-op, Mobitz I, Wenckebach, AV block
ECG	Troubling Tachycardia	bidirectional ventricular tachycardia, Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia, CPVT, digoxin toxicity
ECG	Flummoxing Familial Fibrillation	congenital, short QT syndrome, SQTS, AF, Atrial fibrillation
ECG	Sporting Sudden Syncope	RVOT, broad complex tachycardia, BCT, Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Tachycardia, VF, Arrest, Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy, ARVC
ECG	Subtly Sinister	NSTEMI, inverted U wave,
ECG	Scary Seizures and Somnolence	tricyclic antidepressant, TCA, Doxepin, QRS broadening, cardiotoxic
ECG	Marathon related ECG	AIVR, Accelerated idioventricular rhythm, Isorhythmic AV dissociation, Sinus arrhythmia, idioventricular
ECG	Puzzling Paroxysmal Palpitations	LAD, LBBB, High left ventricular voltage, HLVV, WPW, Broad Complex Tachycardia
ECG	Risky Rhythms	tachy-brady, AVNRT, flutter, polymorphic VT, VF, torsades de pointes, R on T, Cardioversion
ECG	Pain free and in VT	LBBB, Wellens, ECG, proximal LAD, occlusion, rate-dependent, inferior ischaemia
ECG	ECG Exigency	SI QIII TIII, PE, PTE pulmonary embolism, PEA arrest, RBBB, LAD
Cardiology	Cardiac Megacode	HOCM, STE, aVR, LMCA, torsades des pointes. TDP
Cardiology	Something’s not right…	aortic arch, right sided, diverticulum of Kommerell
Cardiology	Intra-aortic Balloon Pump	IABP, CABG, shock, circulatory collapse
Cardiology	The Paradoxical Alternative	electrical alternans, ECG, pulsus paradoxus
Cardiology	Trouble-Shooting the IABP	Intra-aortic Balloon Pump, Waveform, dicrotic notch
Cardiology	DeBakey Dissection	DeBakey, TAA, aortic dissection, CTA
Cardiology	Tetraology of Fallot and BT shunts	Tetraology of Fallot, BT shunt, Blalock-Tausig, ToF
Cardiology	Exogenous Calcium Embolism	PVP, cement, embolus, Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Cardiology	Pulmonary Embolism	Pulmonary Embolism, PTE, PE, McConnell, thrombolysis, echo
Bone and Joint	Distraction	Missed posterior shoulder dislocation
Paediatrics	Needing a Diagnostic Kick-start	rash, neck nodule, Kawasaki
Paediatrics	Frankly my Dear, i do give a damn	rash, fever, scarlet, strawberry, Group A Beta Haemolytic Streptococci (GABHS)
Tropical Travel	Tonsillitis and the Bull	diphtheria, pseudomembrance, grey tonsils, pseudomembrane, tonsillitis, diphtheria, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, gram-positive bacillus
Urinalysis	Tyrian rage	purple, urine, indican, indican
Urinalysis	Mahogany Myoglobinuria	brown, urine, rhabdomyolysis
Urinalysis	Verdant waste	green, urine, propofol, PRIS
Urinalysis	How Green is my urine!	green, urine
Urinalysis	Where are the lemons?	orange, urine
Bone and Joint	Half Moon Nail Half Moon Nail resolution	Nail, trauma, hematoma, subungual, haematoma, nail-bed
Bone and Joint	Devil's Horn Sign	Extensor tendon, hand injury, extensor digiti minimi,
Bone and Joint	Gordon Bennett	Thumb, fracture, base, phalanx, metacarpal, Edward Hallaran Bennett, bipartate
Paediatrics	FPIES with that?	Food allergy, enterocolitis,
Bone and Joint	Stairs versus wrist	FOOSH, wrist fracture, FOOSH - 'fall onto outstretched hand', Barton fracture, John Rhea Barton
Paediatrics	The hurty elbow	pulled elbow, nursemaid, hyperpronation
Cardiology	Sudden onset blue leg	Phlegmasia, dolens
Cardiology	Broken-Hearted Chest drain	ICC, intercostal, intra-cardiac, iatrogenic
Bone and Joint	Muscular claustrophobia	Compartment syndrome, Volkmann, fasciotomy
Bone and Joint	Broken open	Ankle, compound, fracture, dislocation, Six Hour Golden Rule, saline, iodine
ENT	Just a Sore Throat	retropharngeal abscess, posterior pharynx, mediastinitis, Lemierre syndrome, Fusobacterium necrophorum
ENT	The Hurty Throat	enlarged tonsils, pharyngitis, tonsillitis
Toxicology	Mistaken Identity	Colgout, colchicine, label, fenofibrate
Tropical Travel	Fever, Abdominal pain, Constipation and Mary	Mary Mallon, Salmonella typhi, typhoid, typhoid mary
Tropical Travel	Fever Arthralgia and Rash	Dengue Fever, single-stranded RNA virus, Aedes, mosquito, Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS), Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF)
Tropical Travel	Humongous HIV extravaganza	AIDS, Human immunodeficiency virus, lentivirus, anti-retroviral,
Tropical Travel	Total TB extravaganza	tuberculosis
Tropical Travel	Mega Malaria extravaganza	Falciparum, Vivax, Ovale, Malariae, Knowlesi, Plasmodium
Tropical Travel	Bristol Stool Type VII	cholera, gram-negative comma-shaped bacillus, rice water stool, John Snow Pump, V. cholerae, vibrio
Tropical Travel	RUQ pain and jaundice	Entamoeba histolytica, protozoan parasite, Amoebic dysentery, Flask Shaped amoebic trophozoite, Bloody stool,
Tropical Travel	Bloody diarrhoea	shigellosis, Shigella, Enterotoxin, dysentery,
Tropical Travel	Stiff in the mouth	Tetanus, Tetanispasmin, Clostridium tetani, lock jaw, Opisthotonus, Autonomic dysfunction, toxoid
Tropical Travel	Frothing Mad	Rabies Immunoglobulin
Tropical Travel	Fever, Rash and a Vuvuzela	Koplik, measles, rash, rubeola, Morbilivirus,
Trauma	Trauma Under Pressure	permissive hypotension, MBA, MVA, widened mediastinum, pleural effusion, ICC
Trauma	What Weingart would do II	knife, penetrating chest wound
Trauma	What Weingart would do?	knife, penetrating chest wound
Trauma	Trauma! Major Burns	TBSA %, Burns Wound Assessment, Total Body Surface Area
Trauma	Trauma! Extremity Arterial Hemorrhage	Arterial pressure index (API), DPI (Doppler Pressure Index), Arterial Brachial Index or Ankle Brachial Index (ABI)
Trauma	Trauma! Extremity Injuries	crush injury, degloving, deglove, amputation
Trauma	Hip and Pelvis Injuries	hip dislocation, Allis reduction, pelvic fracture
Trauma	Trauma! Pelvic Fractures I	Pelvis fracture, stabilization, stabilisation,
Trauma	Trauma! Pelvic Fractures II	pelvic stabilization, Pelvis fracture, stabilisation, Pre-peritoneal packing
Trauma	Trauma! Massive Transfusion	massive transfusion protocol, Recombinant Factor VIIa, Thromboelastography (TEG)
Trauma	Trauma! Major Haemorrhage	Critical bleeding, hemorrhagic shock, haemorrhagic shock, lethal triad, acute coagulopathy of trauma
Trauma	Trauma! Penetrating Abdominal Injury	penetrating abdominal trauma
Trauma	Trauma! Blunt Abdominal Trauma Decision Making
Trauma	Little Wound, Long Knife	penetrating chest trauma wound, stab,
Trauma	It’s not a bird or a plane…	Right Main Bronchus, RMB, Tracheostomy, Tooth, foreign Body
Trauma	Another complication of facial trauma	Lobar collapse, aspiration, blood clot
Trauma	A bashed head
Trauma	A Fiendish Finding	Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm with strangulation of viscera
Trauma	Roman Breastplate	eschar, burns, full thickness,
Trauma	Trauma and Pregnancy	supine hypotension syndrome
Trauma	Trauma and Pregnancy Redux
Trauma	A Motorcyclist’s Irreparable Injury	iPhone
Trauma	High Pressure-Injection Injury	oleoma, lipogranuloma,
Trauma	Hot lips	oral commissure, lingual artery hemorrhage,
Trauma	Microwave Meltdown	polymer fume fever, dielectric heating, super-heating, thermal injury
Trauma	Adding insult to injury?	DRE, Digital rectal exam examination trauma
Trauma	Trauma! Are you prepared?	Injury Severity score, ISS, golden hour, seatbelt sign
Trauma	Trauma! Initial Assessment and Management	primary secondary survey
Trauma	Trauma! Traumatic Brain Injury	extradural hemorrhage, EDH, Monro-Kellie
Trauma	Trauma! Spinal Injury
Trauma	Trauma! Chest Injuries I
Trauma	Trauma! Chest Injuries II
Trauma	Trauma! Assessing the Abdomen
Trauma	Trauma! Abdominal Injuries
Trauma	Trauma! Genitourinary Injuries	GU, trauma, penis, penile, urethra, bladder, rupture
Pulmonary	Not just pneumonia	swine flu, pneumomediastinum, CXR
Pulmonary	Not just a PE	Thrombocytopenia, antiphospholipid syndrome
Pulmonary	Roast duck and juniper beer	Hermann Boerhaave, Boerhaave syndrome, esophagus rupture, oesophagus
Pulmonary	Pneumonia gone bad
Pulmonary	Pulmonary panic	pneumococcal pneumonia, HIV, bronchoscope, anatomy, RMB
Pulmonary	Ballooning Up	subcutaneous emphysema, FLAAARDS,
Pulmonary	A Case of CO2 Narcosis	respiratory acidosis, hypercapnoea
Pulmonary	Rapid descent	hypersensivity pneumonitis, diffuse alveolar haemorrhage, alveolar infiltrates
Pulmonary	Collapse and recruit	Lung collapse, recruitment maneuver, bronchoscopy
Pulmonary	Extraordinary Cries	Vocal cord dysfunction, VCD, paradoxical vocal cord motion, PVCM, posterior chinking
Pulmonary	Is resistance futile?	pneumococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin-resistant
Pulmonary	Man versus Machine	DOPES,
Pulmonary	Bronchospastic BP Badness	asthma
Pulmonary	Alarmingly high pressures	dyssynchrony, mechanical ventilation, PEEP, Plateau pressure
Pulmonary	Puffed Post-Tracheostomy	pneumomediastinum, tracheostomy, trachy, complication
Pulmonary	Puzzling out the PERC rule	PERC rule, D-Dimer, Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria, HAD CLOTS,
Pulmonary	Above the clouds	AMS, acute mountain sickness, high altitude, High-altitude cerebral edema, HACE, HAPE, High-altitude pulmonary edema
Pulmonary	Pulmonary Embolus pondering
Resus	He Simply Looks Sick	Pulseless electrical activity, PEA
Resus	Seizing and No Access	intraosseous access, EZ-IO,
Resus	Choose Your Own Resus Adventure
Resus	Does Roc rock? Does Sux suck?	Rocuronium, suxamethonium, succinylcholine, non-depolarising muscle relaxant, sugammadex, safe apnoea time
Resus	Own the FEAST	FEAST, trial, research, pediatric, fluid resuscitation
Resus	To thoracotomy, or not to thoracotomy?
Resus	Own the Airway
Resus	Own the oxygen
Resus	Own the chest tube	ICC, intercostal
Resus	Own the Oxylog	Mechanical ventilation
Oncology	From the Hip	SVC obstruction
Oncology	Troubling Lab Strife	Tumour lysis syndrome, Tumor lysis syndrome
Oncology	CannonBalls	lung metastases braine mets testicular cancer BEP chemotherapy, Cannonball metastases
Oncology	Pulmonary Re-expansion	re-expansion pulmonary oedema edema
Metabolic	Could it be renal colic?	abdominal aortic aneurysm, AAA, rupture, CT, rhabdomyolysis, creatine kinase
Metabolic	Waxing and Waning Weakness	hypokalemia, hypokalaemia, periodic paralysis, u wave
Metabolic	Metabolic Mayhem and a Headache	CATMUDPILES, OGRE, NAGMA, HAGMA, USED CARP, hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis
Metabolic	Staph Sepsis Acidosis	anion gap, pyroglutamic acidemia, HAGMA, high-anion gap, high anion, 5-oxoprolinemia, γ-glutamyl cycle, staph aureus, sepsis
Metabolic	Hypernatraemia and Acidosis	HAGMA, high-anion gap, high anion, hypernatraemia, hypernatremia
Metabolic	You can beat the feeling	hypokalaemia, hypokalemia, potassium, systemic bromism, coke, pepsi, coca-cola
Metabolic	CATMUDPILES	CATMUDPILES, renal failure, HAGMA, LTKR
Metabolic	Pregnant and Acidotic
Metabolic	Young and Yellow	acute hepatitis, arterial blood gas, fulminant hepatic failure, lactic acidosis, lactic acidosis with hypoglycaemia, metabolic acidosis, metabolic muddle
Metabolic	Ammon Anyone?	hyperammonaemia, hyperammonemia
Metabolic	Exercise-associated Hyponatremia	Hyponatraemia, hypertonic saline, ultramarathon, runner, EAH, pontine myelinoysis
Metabolic	Hyponatraemic Seizures	Hyponatraemia, hypertonic saline, pontine myelinoysis, Osmolality, desmopressin, SIADH, syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion
Gastrointestinal	Appendagitis	Appendagitis, Epiploic, Abdominal pain, CT abdomen
Gastrointestinal	Gordian knot?	CT abdomen, Small bowel obstruction, SBO
Gastrointestinal	A Lesson in History	cathine, cathione, khat, hepatitis, cathionine
Gastrointestinal	Snookered	rectal foreign body, FB
Gastrointestinal	Gut under pressure	abdominal compartment syndrome, intra-abdominal pressure, intra-abdominal hypertension, IAH, ACS
Hematology	D-dimer debacles	fibrinolytic, VTE, Wells, PERC
Hematology	Recombinant Factor VIIa	factor VIIa, rFVIIa, novoseven
Hematology	The Critical Bleeder	Critical Bleeding, Massive Transfusion, Tranexamic Acid, TxA, MTP
Hematology	Dissociated Oxygen Saturations	Dyshemoglobinemia, Acute myeloid leukemia, AML
Immunological	Traumatic Angioedema	angiodema, angioedema, lip sweliing
Immunological	Sulfa Drug Discombobulation	frusemide, furosemide, lasix, sulfa,
Immunological	Palpable Excitement	wegener, GPA, granulomatosis, palpable purpura
Obstetric	Obstetric Bleeder	amniotic fluid embolism, DIC, obstetric complication, disseminated intravascular coagulation, schistocytes,
Microbial	Gram Negative Diplococci	CSF, Meningococcal meningitis,
Microbial	Pneumococcal pneumonia	fulminant bacterial pneumonia, septic shock, Pneumococcus, Streptococcus pyogenes, urinary pneumococcal antigen,
Microbial	CAP Challenge!	Legionella, community acquired pneumonia
Microbial	Sick, Shocked and Sunburned?	Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome, Toxic-shock syndrome
Microbial	Escaping bugs
Microbial	Fever in a spinal patient
Microbial	The perfect human pathogen?	Norovirus
Toxicology	Toxicology Mnemonic Challenge	Coma, similie, metaphor, flashcard, toxidromes, anticholinergic, cholinergic, PHAILS, OTIS CAMPBELL, PACED, FAST, COOLS, CT SCAN
Neurology	HIV brain mass	HIV, Mass effect, CNS lesion, Brain lesion
Neurology	Coma with small pupils	pancoast, argyll robertson, holmes-adie, coma, pinpoint, pin-point, horner syndrome
Neurology	Brainstem lesions	rule of 4, rules of four, brainstem, weber syndrome, wallenberg
Neurology	Rules of 4	rule of 4, rules of four, brainstem, Nothnagel syndrome, benedikt, claude,
Neurology	Bulbar palsies
Neurology	Coma in a spinal patient
Neurology	Eye movements
Neurology	Look left, look right	Unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia, medial longitudinal fasciculus, MLF, INO, one-and-a-half syndrome
Neurology	Bullet in the Head	GSW, gunshot wound, bullet, TBI, Codman ICP monitor, Trans-cranial doppler, Near-infrared spectroscopy, NIRS, cerebral microdialysis catheter
Neurology	Ballistically Potent Vertigo	BPPV, Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo, Dix-Hallpike test, semont, epley, dix hallpike, brandt-daroff
Neurology	Medically Cleared	Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis, teratoma
To err is human	Entrapped	cognitive error, bias, entrapment
To err is human	Are you Satisficed?	rule of thumb, heuristic, satisficing, cognitive bias, metacognition
To err is human	A Mortal Battle with Four Hour Medicine A Mortal Battle with Four Hour Medicine II	Anchoring Bias, confirmation, satisficing, clustering bias
Cardiology	No Radial Pulse
Paediatric	Neonatal Diversion	pediatric

Compendium of Clinical Cases

LITFL Top 100 Self Assessment Quizzes

ECG / EKG
150 CASES

CT SCAN
100 CASES

ULTRASOUND
100 CASES

ACTIVATE or WAIT
150 CASES

Chest X-Ray
150 CASES

CLINICAL IMAGES
200 CASES

Bone and Joint Bamboozler	Ob-Gyn Obfuscation
Cardiovascular Curveball	Oncology Quandary
ECG Exigency	Ophthalmology Befuddler
ENT Equivocation	Paediatric Perplexity
Gastrointestinal Gutwrencher	Pulmonary Puzzle
Hematology Hoodwinker	Ruling the Resus Room
Ian’s clinical emergencies	To Err is Human
Immunological Inquisition	Toxicology Conundrums
Metabolic Muddle	Trauma Tribulation
Microbial Mystery	Tropical Travel Trouble
Neurological Mind-boggler	Unusual Urine